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传说中的RNA PULL DOWN是啥?

在这段不得不在家充电的非常时期,小编无意中看到一种叫做RNA pull-down的实验技术,估计有很多小伙伴和小编一样第一次接触这种技术,一脸懵逼,那我们就来一起了解下吧。

RNA pull-down实验原理

RNA pull-down是检测RNA结合蛋白与其靶RNA之间相互作用的主要实验手段之一。使用体外转录法标记生物素RNA探针,然后与胞浆蛋白提取液孵育,形成RNA-蛋白质复合物。该复合物可与链霉亲和素标记的磁珠结合,从而与孵育液中的其他成分分离。

复合物洗脱后,通过western blot实验检测特定的RNA结合蛋白是否与RNA相互作用。质谱实验检测特定的RNA结合蛋白鉴定蛋白质类型。

RNA pull-down实验技术流程

目标RNA的制备及生物素标记

01 目标RNA制备的一般流程包括:
构建RNA过表达质粒:基因合成+测序验证
体外转录模板准备:设计含T7启动子引物;PCR扩增得到转录模板
体外转录:以PCR产物为模板,体外转录得到目的RNA
02 磁珠富集RNA
03 RNA结合蛋白孵育
04 RNA结合蛋白洗脱,银染质检:SDS-PAGE电泳银染检测富集蛋白的情况
05 WB或者MS检测

结果示意图

样品选择

样品类型: 细胞或组织为主

样品量:
a)细胞:5×108
b)组织:500 mg

获取难易程度:细胞系扩大培养即可,推荐;其他样品获取难度根据实际情况去考虑即可;

样品量:样品量直接影响提取蛋白的含量,最终影响富集蛋白量;

其他物质的干扰等影响因素:在没有细胞系的情况下,选择组织样品。动物组织中脂肪等物质存在影响;植物叶片组织叶绿素等物质丰度较高存在影响。

常见问题解答

1.实验全程如何预防RNA降解?
实验使用的所有试剂耗材需经过去RNA酶处理

2.RNA pull-down一定要体外转录合成RNA探针吗不能基因合成吗?
一般我们认为的基因合成是合成DNA双链,体外转录只是获得RNA的一种方式,相比化学合成纯度更高。所以pull-down实验一般是体外转录得到目的RNA。

3.RNA在转录出来后,其OD一般都不高,可以使用吗?咋定量呢?
一般会进行电泳检测(DNA电泳方式一样),可以根据maker浓度来判断RNA的浓度。Pull-down实验不需要精确的定量,都会加入过量的探针。

4.关于样本处理:细胞裂解物裂解的时候要不要加蛋白酶抑制剂还有RNA酶抑制剂这些处理?细胞裂解物提取蛋白是要怎么处理?还是就是裂解细胞就行了?
细胞裂解需要加入蛋白酶和RNA酶抑制剂,通常是反复冻融2-3次即可不需要超声处理。植物组织样品会短时间超声处理。

5.lncRNA引物设计有什么注意事项么?或者说与普通的引物设计有什么区别么?
体外转录扩增的引物只需要在正向引物5端加入T7启动子序列即可。

6.想问下有推荐的银染试剂盒么?
赛默飞或者碧云天都可以。

7.质谱鉴定的蛋白主要是依据打分来进行筛选?这个筛选多少分算有效?
pull-down富集蛋白质谱分析后会剔除不可信蛋白,交付的都是可信蛋白,没有明确的打分。需要排序的话一般是根据鉴定蛋白特征性肽段的数目作为参考。

8.做lncRNA pull down+质谱一般会发现多个互作蛋白对吗?对这多个蛋白,如何选择就哪一种继续研究下去?
不同的RNA结合蛋白数量不等,根据实际鉴定的蛋白进行筛选;筛选的原则是根据自己研究的方向或相关功能确定这类蛋白。

9.lncRNA构建全长序列超表达质粒或者转录序列时,是否需要加polyA序列?以1或者3.0载体为例的话,加了polyA和不加polyA影响大吗?
一般是不需要加入polyA序列,polyA结构的功能与蛋白结合功能无关,反而会增加基因合成的难度。

10.进行功能验证的时候也是不需要加polyA?每个反应需要的细胞量是多少合适?
功能验证构建过表达质粒可以加入polyA;pull-down实验一般要求细胞量至少2*10的7次方。

好啦,这次就给大家分享到这里以后我们再一起学习各种实验技术。感兴趣的小伙伴们可以关注哦



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