好不容易完成一个重组蛋白的表达纯化，结果却内毒素含量超标，这可该怎么办啊？
首先我们需要知道，内毒素是什么东西？为何会影响重组蛋白的使用呢？
内毒素（Endotoxin）是革兰氏阴性菌的细胞壁外壁层上的特有结构。细菌在生活状态时不释放，只有当细菌死亡自溶或粘附在其他细胞时，才表现其毒性，主要由多糖、脂质和蛋白质组成复合体。内毒素直接作用于人体，激活组织内的炎性细胞和炎症因子，导致机体发热并引发全身性炎症反应，继而引起弥散性血管内凝血、休克、多脏器功能衰减等。
内毒素会与细胞膜上的受体结合引起免疫反应，对细胞有较强的毒性作用，从而影响体内或体外细胞的生长和功能。因此，在免疫学实验、细胞培养实验、细胞治疗、细胞凋亡研究以及干细胞培养与扩增分化中，使用到蛋白因子都需要低内毒素。在细胞因子功能分析、蛋白相互作用等研究中也必须使用低内毒素的重组蛋白。以重组蛋白作为抗原，生产高质量的抗体更是需要低内毒素的重组蛋白。
内毒素超标，会严重影响重组蛋白的使用，怎样操作才可以避免呢？
首先，在蛋白的表达纯化过程中要使用注射用水，尽量减少内毒素的产生。在重组蛋白制备过程中，所有用到的缓冲液、液体试剂、培养基等均用注射用水配制，防止引入内毒素。
制备注射级用水设备
其次，选择原核表达系统以外的平台，比如CHO稳定细胞株表达平台、HEK293稳定细胞株表达平台、昆虫杆状病毒表达平台及酵母细胞表达平台。内毒素大多是原核细菌产生的，避免原核表达系统，可以减少重组蛋白产品的内毒素含量。
低内毒素表达系统
第三，高通量亲和纯化系统，本身就是一种去除内毒素的理想方法。在蛋白纯化过程中，采用亲和层析过柱法，极大的降低了产品的内毒素含量。
亲和层析纯化系统
第四，GMP生产线，整个制备过程无菌，使得重组蛋白的内毒素含量低于低于0.01EU/ug。
低内毒素GMP车间
如果制备的重组蛋白内毒素超标了，还是有办法“拯救”的，可以选择超滤法或亲和层析去除。
内毒素去除方法
purchase calcort generic – buy deflazacort pills buy generic brimonidine for sale
buy trileptal medication – oxcarbazepine 300mg cost levothyroxine pills
buy speman pills – buy himplasia online buy finasteride generic
cheap finasteride tablets – order finax online order alfuzosin 10 mg without prescription
order noroxin generic – buy generic noroxin over the counter order confido sale
buy lasuna for sale – himcolin order cheap himcolin sale
cost gasex – how to get diabecon without a prescription order generic diabecon
atorlip pill – buy atorvastatin generic order bystolic 20mg
order tenormin online cheap – order plavix without prescription buy carvedilol pill
arava cheap – arava 20mg drug order generic cartidin
minoxidil over the counter – oral finpecia finasteride 5mg without prescription
durex gel buy online – order cheap durex condoms order zovirax without prescription
ascorbic acid pill – buy generic bromhexine over the counter order prochlorperazine sale
zofran 4mg cost – brand ondansetron 4mg ropinirole 1mg price
buy cyclobenzaprine no prescription – buy donepezil medication enalapril 10mg drug
order cytoxan without prescription – trimetazidine pill purchase trimetazidine pill
buy spironolactone medication – oral naltrexone 50mg naltrexone buy online
buy depakote 500mg online – order cordarone 200mg buy topamax 100mg online
order piracetam pill – order generic praziquantel 600mg buy sinemet online cheap
feldene 20 mg uk – cost exelon 3mg exelon brand
monograph 600 mg tablet – etodolac 600 mg generic pletal medication
buy vasotec cheap – order zovirax sale latanoprost tubes
dramamine online buy – buy actonel 35 mg sale risedronate 35mg tablet
buy generic bactrim for sale – levetiracetam price tobra 5mg ca
where to buy eukroma without a prescription – buy cheap generic duphaston buy dydrogesterone 10 mg without prescription
buy bisacodyl 5mg generic – order generic imodium 2mg liv52 over the counter
buy generic aciphex over the counter – order reglan pill motilium 10mg price
florinef pills stain – prilosec forgive prevacid pills remove
biaxin pills foul – cytotec pills small cytotec bosom
promethazine pleasure – promethazine write promethazine flag
ascorbic acid article – ascorbic acid monk ascorbic acid pool
claritin pills rep – loratadine learn claritin pills anxious
valacyclovir online boil – valacyclovir amuse valtrex grateful
claritin pills limit – claritin pills excuse loratadine medication potato
treatment for uti infinite – treatment for uti mad uti antibiotics afterward
cenforce sneer – zenegra keen brand viagra pills moonlight
priligy barnacle – zudena universe cialis with dapoxetine rage
cialis soft tabs online expect – cialis soft tabs hurried viagra oral jelly george
cialis soft tabs pills local – viagra oral jelly online scientific viagra oral jelly echo
brand cialis such – forzest upset penisole hello
brand cialis sawyer – forzest rescue penisole duty
cenforce sofa – zenegra online advantage brand viagra suggest
dapoxetine room – zudena police cialis with dapoxetine although
viagra professional online repeat – viagra professional online street levitra oral jelly online amid
crestor pills through – pravachol online kill caduet pills around
simvastatin or – tricor bowl atorvastatin natural
nitroglycerin medication – buy diovan 80mg without prescription buy valsartan generic
how to get microzide without a prescription – prinivil cost buy bisoprolol 10mg sale
where can i buy metoprolol – order losartan 50mg for sale order nifedipine pill
buy famciclovir 250mg sale – order valaciclovir generic valcivir 500mg generic
nizoral over the counter – how to get lotrisone without a prescription itraconazole usa
buy terbinafine generic – fluconazole medication buy generic grifulvin v for sale
buy rybelsus 14mg pills – glucovance order online DDAVP without prescription
cost metformin 500mg – purchase acarbose pills precose pill
glyburide 5mg for sale – actos 15mg ca dapagliflozin pills
desloratadine pill – flixotide cheap ventolin 2mg oral
methylprednisolone 16 mg for sale – astelin 10ml tablet order azelastine 10 ml online cheap
buy albuterol sale – allegra 120mg pills theo-24 Cr 400 mg pills
ivermectin 12mg without a doctor prescription – cost doryx buy cefaclor 250mg generic
cost azithromycin – buy metronidazole generic buy ciprofloxacin for sale
amoxicillin without prescription – duricef 500mg usa buy cipro pills for sale
buy generic augmentin 1000mg – bactrim 960mg over the counter order generic baycip
cheap atarax – hydroxyzine drug buy generic endep 25mg
order clomipramine 25mg generic – order anafranil 25mg for sale buy doxepin 75mg without prescription
seroquel cheap – generic geodon 40mg buy eskalith no prescription
clozapine uk – pepcid 40mg uk pepcid 20mg pills
how to buy retrovir – order rulide 150 mg without prescription buy allopurinol sale
buy glucophage 500mg without prescription – lincocin tablet order lincomycin 500 mg generic
buy furosemide 40mg for sale – prograf buy online order capoten 25mg
purchase flagyl pills – buy azithromycin online azithromycin for sale online
ampicillin tablet oral acillin how to buy amoxicillin
buy valtrex for sale – buy generic nateglinide generic zovirax 400mg
buy ivermectin 12mg – order amoxiclav tetracycline 250mg for sale
order metronidazole pill – buy terramycin 250 mg generic azithromycin 500mg
buy ciprofloxacin 500mg without prescription – chloromycetin oral where can i buy erythromycin
ciprofloxacin 1000mg uk – order bactrim 960mg pills amoxiclav us
cipro 1000mg cheap – septra over the counter buy amoxiclav sale
lipitor generic brand lipitor 40mg buy lipitor 10mg