在之前的文章中,小编介绍了各种进阶版的PCR(戳这里 ),其中有一种叫菌落PCR(colony PCR),这是一种快速/高通量(High throughput)筛选目的片段是否存在的方法,操作起来十分简单。
为什么
以大肠杆菌为例,一般来说,在转录了携带外源基因的质粒后,我们需要检查并确保我们设计的质粒确确实实已经存在于细胞中了;那么,面对一整板的菌落,我们怎么才能知道哪个小细菌携带了目标片段并且是完全准确的目标片段呢?按照一般的步骤,我们可以把每个菌落抠出来>>养一养>>提取质粒,随后质粒可以送测序或者酶切验证目标片段。但是从养细菌到最后送测序,花费太多时间。如果说只有一个菌落等着我们去验证,那还好;万一有100个菌落,咋办~~,那么,这里就可以用一把菌落PCR。
怎么做
下面所提到的方法只是小编自己的做法,并不是什么官方的步骤,有什么不足,还请指正哦~
- 从单一菌落上随意扣一点下来,加20 uL dH2O;
- 90-100 °C 加热3-5 min,让你的菌落–水混合物沸腾起来吧;
- 一般实验台上的离心机,最大速度离心3 min;
- 取上清5 uL进行PCR,这5 uL上清就是DNA母板,选用可以验证目标片段的上下游引物即可;
- 跑个胶,看看是否有目标片段的条带,然后感觉自己棒棒哒!
最后把有条带的菌落弄出来养养,提取质粒,送测序,我们便知这条已经证实存在的目标片段是否有完全准确的序列。
当然根据你的菌落的不同,方法也要改变,上面所说只是小编用于处理大肠杆菌菌落的方法。如果是藻类或酵母这类有细胞壁的微生物,可能要增长煮沸时间以保证质粒全部被释放出来。
Troubleshooting
- 总是要保证引物和PCR条件能够成功完成PCR;
- 如果离心过后,上清液依然很浑浊,说明取的细胞有点多,可以把上清液稀释一下,再离心即可。菌落PCR要用到的细菌量会很少,所以不用太担心DNA模板不足。
- 小编从来都是选新鲜菌落来煮沸释放质粒的,老旧的或者冻存的菌落不一定好,这就是个经验……
- 并不是只有菌落可以这么做,培养基里的细胞也可以这样拿来PCR,起始时选用多少细胞煮沸,则要根据细胞密度决定。
有什么其他关于colony PCR的想法,欢迎留言讨论哦~
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