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除了KEGG,这些信号通路研究的数据库你造么?(附通路绘画常用软件)

信号通路作为细胞内活动的真实写照,素来都是分子机制研究的重头戏,因而无论是高分文章还是申请基金,都少不了要抱抱信号通路的大腿。

然而,信号通路内分子盘综错杂,有如一团乱麻,很多人都屡不清头绪,对通路中的众多分子也总是会傻傻分不清楚。

那么为了让大家对信号通路有所了解,本文梳理了信号通路研究的一些数据库以及绘制通路图的常用软件。

信号通路研究数据库

1.  KEGG
网址:http://www.genome.jp/kegg/pathway.html

毫无疑问,KEGG是我们做信号通路研究中接触最多的一个数据库。

这个庞大数据库一个有别于其他数据库的显著特点就是具有强大的图形功能,可以直观图形来介绍众多信号通路以及各类通路之间的关系。

2. SMPDB
网址:http://smpdb.ca/

SMPDB是一个交互式的可视化数据资源库,包含了超过3万种发现于人体中的小分子通路。其中70%的通路为该数据库独有,在其他数据库中无法找到。

其中,通路中每个小分子都可链接到附有详细说明的HMDB或Drugbank,每个蛋白复合物或酶也均与UniProt超链接。

该数据库旨在支持代谢组学,转录组学,蛋白质组学和系统生物学中的途径阐明和途径发现。

3. WikiPathways
网址:https://www.wikipathways.org/index.php/WikiPathways

WikiPathways是一个开放式协同平台,用于数据可视化和分析所用的生物学模型的收集和传播。

该数据库收录了超过20个物种的通路,其中人类的通路就包含了800多个通路,涵盖了7500种基因。此外,它还包含了超过1000个代谢产物的通路。

WikiPathways中的每一个通路都有自己专属的页面,呈现该通路最新的图解、描述、引用、下载选项、版本历史以及成分基因和蛋白质列表。

且其数据信息支持免费下载,下载格式也有很多,如文本格式、图片格式和GPML格式,后者可与Cytoscape、GenMAPP和PathVisio等通路可视化软件相兼容。

4. Reactome
网址:http://www.reactome.org/

Reactome是一个免费开源的通路数据库,提供直观的生物信息学工具,用于可视化、解释和分析途径相关知识,以支持基础研究、基因组分析、建模、系统生物学研究等。

Pathway注释由生物学专家与Reactome编辑人员合作编写,并交叉引用许多生物信息学数据库。这些包括NCBI Gene数据库,Ensembl和 UniProt数据库,UCSC基因组浏览器,KEGG 化合物和ChEBI小分子数据库,PubMed和 Gene Ontology。

5. Cell Signaling Technology
网址:https://www.cellsignal.com/contents/science/cst-pathways/science-pathways

Cell Signaling Technology所研发的软件工具可以用于界定隐藏在细胞功能和疾病中的机制,并拥有一个以蛋白质复合物信号为主的通路数据库。他们也提供基于蛋白质复合物的细胞过程调控的功能障碍相关疾病状态基因信息。

6. BioCarta Pathway
网址:https://cgap.nci.nih.gov/Pathways/BioCarta_Pathways

CGAP网站上的通路直接从 BioCarta 和 KEGG 获得。此外,CGAP将BioCarta中的每个人类基因和KEGG中的每个人类基因与其CGAP Gene Info页面连接,并将KEGG中的每个中间代谢物连接到CGAP Compound Info页面。

7. Pathway Commons
网址:http://www.pathwaycommons.org/

Pathway Commons是一个汇集了来自众多资源的多个物种的公开获取通路数据,也包含其他多种通路数据库。里面的通路信息包括生化反应,复合物组装、转运和催化事件,以及涉及蛋白质复合物、DNA、RNA、小分子化合物和配合物在内的物理相互作用。

这个数据库是一个通路信息的中央资料库,使用的是标准生物路径交换(BioPAX)格式把通路信息整合为一体。且其主页并不复杂,左Pathway分析,右互作分析,页面再往下就是一些功能介绍、常用下载等等。

8.PID数据库
网址:http://pid.nci.nih.gov/

该数据库是人类细胞信号通路的数据库,存储了大量的信号通路和关键的反应以及各种分子互作。PID中包含了三个不同来源的数据,第一来源是NCI组织校正的通路,这种通路是从同行评议的文献中获得的,第二个来源是来自Reactome数据库,第三个是KEGG数据库。

绘制通路图的常用软件

1.  IBS(Illustratorfor Biological Sequences)
网址:http://ibs.biocuckoo.org/download.php

该软件是由华中科技大学薛宇教授的团队CUCKOO做的,非常适合绘制基因结构、序列互作结合的示意图。点击《有了这款作图神器,我也可以蹭蹭研究热点了…》可查看该软件的具体操作流程。

2. ScienceSlide

ScienceSlide是一款专门做医学图片的ppt插件,安装后,会在PPT界面出现一个工作条,包括了常用元件、信号通路、方法学、生物化学、分子生物学等几千种素材。

只需要选择相应的模板就可以在此基础上,进行文字及分子形状的修改而后做成精致无比、赏心悦目的示意图。

3.Pathway Builder

这是一款专业的细胞信号通路绘图软件,功能强大,体积容量比较小,使用方便。

软件自带基本元素(分子、细胞、模式生物、甚至人体组织器官及系统的)模板,还自带很多经典通路,在上面可以直接修改,非常方便。



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